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Expect to see more northern lights in unusual places as the sun continues to sizzle, space weather forecasters said Tuesday.
The study of X-ray emission from astronomical objects reveals secrets about the universe at the largest and smallest spatial scales. Celestial X-rays are produced by black holes consuming nearby stars, emitted by the million-degree gas that traces the structure between galaxies, and can be used to predict whether stars may be able to host planets hospitable to life.
Researchers have shown that larger insects such as woodlice and beetles play as much of a crucial role in leaf litter decomposition across different habitats and seasons as microbes and smaller invertebrates.
People with disabilities could play an enormous role in deciding the outcome of the presidential election and the balance of power in Congress.
Black men with advanced prostate cancer have a greater chance of survival after immunotherapy treatment, at least in part, because of ancestral gene variants in immune responses.
A study published in the journal Brain, Behavior, and Immunity reports the findings of a study by researchers based in Brazil, the United States and South Korea who set out to understand how viral infections cause pain and to contribute to the search for novel ways of relieving it.
In the high-stakes world of aviation, a pilot's ability to perform under stress can mean the difference between a safe flight and disaster. Comprehensive and precise training is crucial to equip pilots with the skills needed to handle these challenging situations.
Two Southwest Research Institute instruments were launched aboard NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft on Oct. 14 from the agency's Kennedy Space Center. The spacecraft is designed to conduct a detailed reconnaissance of Jupiter's moon Europa, investigating whether it could hold conditions suitable for life.
This week across much of the world, including the UK, the majestic aurora borealis (Northern Lights) was once again visible to us.
Vessel strikes and entanglement are some of the leading causes of injury and death to marine animals such as whales. Increasingly urbanized waterways, warming oceans, changes in prey distribution—and in some cases, increasing species populations—make for a crowded and dynamic ocean environment.
The opioid epidemic is a crisis that has plagued the United States for decades. One central issue of the epidemic is inequitable access to treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), which puts certain populations at a higher risk of opioid overdose.
A molecule present in elevated levels in the uterine lining could play a key role in a person's ability to become pregnant, new findings suggest.
Photocatalysts can effectively utilize solar energy to degrade organic pollutants, presenting significant application potential in water treatment. However, the ultrafast recombination of photogenerated carriers has severely limited the performance of photocatalysts.
Nitrite (NO₂⁻) is commonly used as a food additive, but when ingested, it can harm the body's oxygen transport system. The World Health Organization limits NO₂⁻ to 1.0 mg/L in drinking water and 30 mg/kg in meat products. However, current nitrite detection methods are often complicated.
Biological components are less reliable than electrical ones, and rather than instantaneously receive the incoming signals, the signals arrive with a variety of delays. This forces the brain to cope with said delays by having each neuron integrate the incoming signals over time and fire afterwards, as well as using a population of neurons, instead of one, to overcome neuronal cells that temporarily don't fire.
Northwestern University engineers have developed a new system for full-body motion capture—and it doesn't require specialized rooms, expensive equipment, bulky cameras or an array of sensors.
Can virtual agents strengthen the trust of people with a migration background in the police? A research team from the University of Würzburg has investigated this. The results surprised even those responsible.
Recently, Professor Yang Xiaoping's research group at the High Magnetic Field Laboratory, the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, discovered a tunable and controllable monoatomic layer two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) localized at the heterointerface.
Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a method for culturing fertilized chick eggs without their shells. The eggs were placed in an artificial culture vessel made of transparent film, allowing for real-time observation of the chick embryo's development from laying to hatching.
Researchers have developed a novel method to enhance the ability of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to generate cartilage tissue by adding ascorbic acid (AA) during MSC expansion.
A study investigates the evolution of beneficial bacteria that live inside and on the surface of farming ants. Attine ants farm fungi, in one of the natural world's best-studied mutualistic symbioses. In the 1990s, the picture of this mutualism was expanded to include another partner: an actinobacteria, Pseudonocardia, which lives on the ants' cuticle—their hard exoskeleton—where its cultures are fed by secretions of subcuticular glands. Pseudonocardia is known to kill the fungal pathogen Escovopsis, which might destroy the ants' mutualistic fungus.
By combining comprehensive high-pressure measurements and first-principles calculations, a research group has discovered the pressure-induced unusual evolution of superconductivity (SC) and exotic interplay between SC and charge-density-wave (CDW) order in a natural bulk van der Waals heterostructure.
During embryonic development, cells start out as pluripotent, or have the potential to become many different cell types through differentiation. Naive-state is the name for the earliest stage of development for pluripotent stem cells and is considered totipotential, with the ability to become every kind of cell in a multicellular organism. The expression of a particular gene or set of genes is what determines what kind of cell―a skin cell, for example―a cell will become.
In an era where mental health awareness is at the forefront of public discourse, a new historical review is shedding light on the often-overlooked French contributions to our understanding of depression. Published in Genomic Psychiatry, the study by Dr. Kenneth S. Kendler and Virginia Justis of Virginia Commonwealth University examines a seminal 1897 French monograph that helped shape modern concepts of melancholia and depression.
Distinct immune "signatures" in patients who develop adverse events while receiving immunotherapy for cancer may help oncologists identify patients at risk and treat them early to prevent serious side effects, suggests a study by researchers from the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and its Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy.
In the race to combat climate change, scientists are developing technologies to turn carbon dioxide (CO2) into valuable fuels and chemicals. These innovations help curb greenhouse gases while providing a low-carbon fuel to power our future. As the U.S. shifts to a low-carbon economy, we need environmentally friendly fuels to power vehicles that are hard to electrify, like planes, ships and trains. Scientists are developing technology to convert CO2 to fuel. However, this conversion requires a lot of energy and water.
A team of astronomers and astrophysicists at the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of Toronto has found what they believe is the oldest stellar disk in the Milky Way galaxy. In their study, reported in the journal Nature Astronomy, the group used high-α stars with substantial orbital angular momentum to conduct age determinations across a wide range of stars in the galaxy.
For decades, Sandia National Laboratories' National Solar Thermal Test Facility has harnessed the power of the sun to expose aerospace materials to intense heat, replicating the harsh conditions of faster-than-sound flight and atmospheric reentry to ensure the materials' ability to protect the rest of the vehicle. The most recent of these tests is in support of two exciting NASA missions.
The technologies for storing alternative energy sources have reached a new milestone with the development of Korea's first cryogenic turboexpander, capable of cooling gases to temperatures as low as -183°C.
The Giant Magellan Telescope today announced the successful installation of one of its completed 8.4-meter-diameter primary mirrors into a support system prototype at the University of Arizona's Richard F. Caris Mirror Lab. This highly sophisticated system—comparable in size to half a basketball court and containing three times the number of parts of a typical car—is vital to the telescope's optical performance and precision control.
A team of Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and university scientists has released two new oat germplasm lines to shore up the cereal crop's defenses against its most devastating fungal disease, known as "crown rust."
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Hympavzi (marstacimab-hncq) for routine prophylaxis to prevent or reduce the frequency of bleeding episodes in adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with hemophilia A without factor VIII inhibitors or hemophilia B without factor IX inhibitors.
Pharmacists may continue making compounded versions of the weight-loss medication tirzepatide while the U.S. Food and Drug Administration revisits its Oct. 2 decision to remove the medicine from a national drug shortage list.
Accelerated three-year M.D. (3YMD) graduates have similar performance in medical school and early residency as four-year M.D. (4YMD) graduates, according to a study published online Oct. 15 in Academic Medicine.
A team at the University of Cordoba and IMIBIC tested the protective effect of a fermented black garlic extract against inflammation and the progression of prostate cancer in a study conducted on human prostate cancer cell models in the laboratory.
The American Thoracic Society is providing tips to help hospitals mitigate impacts on intravenous (IV) fluid supply resulting from manufacturing disruptions due to recent hurricanes.
An innovative effort to close the gap in COVID-19 vaccination rates in Prince George's County, Maryland found major success, according to new research co-authored by a public health leader at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Dr. Ernest Carter.
Music is woven into the fabric of our everyday lives. Whether it's lifting our spirits, pushing us to run faster or soothing us to sleep, we can all recognize its power. So it's no wonder it is increasingly being used in medical treatment.
Extreme heat and cold are associated with a higher number of occupational accidents, but between 1989 and 2019 the risk of medical leave in Spain on days of extreme heat decreased from 19% to 13%, compared to days of moderate temperatures. This is the key finding of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), a center supported by the "la Caixa" Foundation, and published in Environment International. The research suggests that workers in Spain have been adapting to rising temperatures, possibly due to the Law on Occupational Risk Prevention implemented in 1997.
A team of researchers from the Ivcher Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Technology (BCT Institute) at Reichman University (Herzliya, Israel) has identified a significant deficit in auditory spatial perception among hearing aid users and cochlear implant recipients and introduced an innovative multisensory solution that leads to notable improvements in this ability.
A team of researchers has identified a promising therapy based on antimiRs to treat myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), a complex genetic disorder caused by an abnormally high number of CTG repeats (a specific type of RNA sequence) in the DMPK gene. The results of their research have just been published in Science Advances.
When human radiologists examine scans, they peer through the lens of decades of training. Extending from college to medical school to residency, the road that concludes in a physician interpreting, say, an X-ray, includes thousands upon thousands of hours of education, both academic and practical, from studying for licensing exams to spending years as a resident.
The discovery of a surprising way yeast used to brew beer can survive starvation could open the door to new treatments for cancer.
Decades of exercise research data support the common view that steady workouts over the long haul produce not only physical benefits but also improved brain function. But what about single bursts of exercise? A team of scientists at UC Santa Barbara has taken a closer look.
Using a system of genetic barcodes and a novel single-cell sequencing method, a research team at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT-Italian Institute of Technology) in Milan has developed an approach to identify cells responsible for initiating tumors and metastasis, particularly in breast cancer.
Researchers at INRAE have developed an artificial mouth to reproduce and better understand the processing of soft foods. The device is based on anatomical data collected at the Fujita Health University and features a silicone tongue that contracts using compressed air to mimic the movements of the human tongue. The results were published on October 15 in the journal Scientific Reports.
Researchers at the University of Bern and Bern University Hospital have developed a test to simplify the diagnosis of allergies. Its effectiveness has now been confirmed in clinical samples from children and adolescents suffering from a peanut allergy. The results could fundamentally improve the clinical diagnosis of allergies in the future.
University of Helsinki researchers measured the brain activity of people watching a live dance performance in a real-world setting. They invited spectators with extensive experience of either dance or music as well as novices with no particular background in either of these areas.
Scientists at the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and the Shanghai Institute of Immunology (SII), along with their international collaborators, have dissected the key signaling mechanism driving inflammation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), through which they have also uncovered a promising new protein target to combat the fatty liver disease.
Penn Engineers have developed a new algorithm that allows robots to react to complex physical contact in real time, making it possible for autonomous robots to succeed at previously impossible tasks, like controlling the motion of a sliding object.
The silkworm moth (Bombyx mori) is an insect that no longer flies due to domestication. The males use their antennae to detect pheromones emitted by females and respond very acutely, and have been used as model insects for the study of their odor source localization.
The U.S. is ramping up plans for a major increase in offshore wind production, with 30 gigawatts of new installations expected by 2030 and a total of 110 gigawatts by 2050. But to be successful, the country needs to design turbines that can withstand the challenges of tropical storms.
Just as calculators took over the tedious number-crunching in math a few decades ago, artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming coding. Take Kyo, an 8-year-old boy in Singapore who developed a simple platform game in just two hours, attracting over 500,000 players.
The Australian government has introduced its first-ever standalone cyber security act. Along with two other cyber security bills, it's currently being reviewed by a parliamentary committee.
A team of AI researchers at Open AI, has developed a tool for use by AI developers to measure AI machine-learning engineering capabilities. The team has written a paper describing their benchmark tool, which it has named MLE-bench, and posted it on the arXiv preprint server. The team has also posted a web page on the company site introducing the new tool, which is open-source.
Active electronics—components that can control electrical signals—usually contain semiconductor devices that receive, store, and process information. These components, which must be made in a clean room, require advanced fabrication technology that is not widely available outside a few specialized manufacturing centers.
The new study also identifies factors that can make these efforts more successful.
More stable and efficient materials for solar cells are needed in the green transition. So-called halide perovskites are highlighted as a promising alternative to today's silicon materials. Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, in Sweden, have gained new insights into how perovskite materials function, which is an important step forward.
The artificial intelligence boom has benefited chatbot makers, computer scientists and Nvidia investors. It's also providing an unusual windfall for Anguilla, a tiny island in the Caribbean.
A system of wearable sensors and machine learning can continuously monitor factory workers for signs of physical fatigue. Factory work can be physically strenuous, and a safe and ethical workplace must ensure that workers do not become overly fatigued, which can increase the risk of injury and accident, cause chronic health problems, and also impair performance.
For years a potential disaster lurked in the internet's encryption system, threatening the security of organizations and individuals worldwide. Princeton engineers have now squelched that threat, working with industry leaders to transform their research into a universal security standard that was adopted by global organizations in August and made effective Sept. 6.
In a move that could reshape how Australians pay for everyday purchases, the federal government is preparing to ban businesses from slapping surcharges on debit card transactions.
Adobe Inc. unveiled artificial intelligence tools that can create and modify videos, joining Big Tech companies and startups in trying to capitalize on demand for the emerging technology.
The development of affordable and highly performing sensors can have crucial implications for robotics research, as it could improve perception to help boost robot manipulation and navigation. In recent years, engineers have introduced a wide range of advanced touch sensor devices, which can improve the ability of robots to detect tactile signals, using the information they gather to guide their actions.
By fabricating semiconductor-free logic gates, which can be used to perform computation, researchers hope to streamline the manufacture of electronics.
Google on Monday signed a deal to get electricity from small nuclear reactors to help power artificial intelligence.
In nature, flying animals sense coming changes in their surroundings, including the onset of sudden turbulence, and quickly adjust to stay safe. Engineers who design aircraft would like to give their vehicles the same ability to predict incoming disturbances and respond appropriately.
Researchers have developed a new way to automatically detect hate speech on social media platforms more accurately and consistently using a new multi-task learning (MTL) model; a type of machine learning model that works across multiple datasets.
European and Chinese automakers faced off at the Paris Motor Show on Monday as they seek to make electric vehicles affordable for the broader public as the sector faces stalling sales in many countries.
Green fields are opening around the world as researchers make inroads into improving efficiencies in new and emerging sustainable vehicles as well as a novel biofuel and power generation from the sea.
Labs that can’t afford expensive super-resolution microscopes could use a new expansion technique to image nanoscale structures inside cells.
A new study adds evidence that consciousness requires communication between sensory and cognitive regions of the brain’s cortex.
By using a 3D printer like an iron, researchers can precisely control the color, shade, and texture of fabricated objects, using only one material.
Collaborative multi-university team will pursue new AI-enhanced design tools and high-throughput testing methods for next-generation turbomachinery.
Models show that an unexpected reduction in human-driven emissions led to a 10 percent decline in atmospheric mercury concentrations.
A new study of bubbles on electrode surfaces could help improve the efficiency of electrochemical processes that produce fuels, chemicals, and materials.
Because it doesn’t need expensive energy storage for times without sunshine, the technology could provide communities with drinking water at low costs.
Study reveals the drug, 5-fluorouracil, acts differently in different types of cancer — a finding that could help researchers design better drug combinations.
MIT CSAIL researchers created an AI-powered method for low-discrepancy sampling, which uniformly distributes data points to boost simulation accuracy.
By enabling users to chat with an older version of themselves, Future You is aimed at reducing anxiety and guiding young people to make better choices.
A new method called Clio enables robots to quickly map a scene and identify the items they need to complete a given set of tasks.
The technique leverages quantum properties of light to guarantee security while preserving the accuracy of a deep-learning model.
A new study shows Mars’ early thick atmosphere could be locked up in the planet’s clay surface.
New statistical models based on physiological data from more than 100 surgeries provide objective, accurate measures of the body’s subconscious perception of pain.
MIT researchers speed up a novel AI-based estimator for medication manufacturing by 60 times.
MIT researchers find that the first dose primes the immune system, helping it to generate a strong response to the second dose, a week later.
The interlocking bricks, which can be repurposed many times over, can withstand similar pressures as their concrete counterparts.
By analyzing X-ray crystallography data, the model could help researchers develop new materials for many applications, including batteries and magnets.
EAPS PhD student Jared Bryan found a way to use his research on earthquakes to help understand exoplanet migration.
Watching for changes in the Red Planet’s orbit over time could be new way to detect passing dark matter.
“Co-LLM” algorithm helps a general-purpose AI model collaborate with an expert large language model by combining the best parts of both answers, leading to more factual responses.
New research suggests neurons protect and preserve certain information through a dedicated zone of stable synapses.
MIT scientists’ discovery yields a potent immune response, could be used to develop a potential tumor vaccine.
In the universe’s first billion years, this brief and mysterious force could have produced more bright galaxies than theory predicts.
MIT researchers investigate the neural circuits that underlie placebos’ ability to relieve chronic and acute pain.
“ScribblePrompt” is an interactive AI framework that can efficiently highlight anatomical structures across different medical scans, assisting medical workers to delineate regions of interest and abnormalities.
For Sarah Sterling, the new director of the Cryo-Electron Microscopy facility at MIT.nano, better planning and more communication leads to better science.
Physicists capture images of ultracold atoms flowing freely, without friction, in an exotic “edge state.”
Membranes based on natural silk and cellulose can remove many contaminants, including “forever chemicals” and heavy metals.
Lightwave electronics aim to integrate optical and electronic systems at incredibly high speeds, leveraging the ultrafast oscillations of light fields.
Assistant Professor Richard Teague describes how movement of unstable gas in a protoplanetary disk lends credibility to a secondary theory of planetary formation.
The researchers identified an atomic-level interaction that prevents peptide bonds from being broken down by water.
The spending increases were particularly pronounced for businesses within 100 yards of charging stations, and for businesses in low-income areas.
Researchers developed an easy-to-use tool that enables an AI practitioner to find data that suits the purpose of their model, which could improve accuracy and reduce bias.
A new algorithm solves complicated partial differential equations by breaking them down into simpler problems, potentially guiding computer graphics and geometry processing.
In language-processing areas of the brain, some cell populations respond to one word, while others respond to strings of words.
A new family of integrated rock salt-polyanion cathodes opens door to low-cost, high-energy storage.
Building on a landmark algorithm, researchers propose a way to make a smaller and more noise-tolerant quantum factoring circuit for cryptography.
The first comprehensive model of rotor aerodynamics could improve the way turbine blades and wind farms are designed and how wind turbines are controlled.
These zinc-air batteries, smaller than a grain of sand, could help miniscule robots sense and respond to their environment.